[Relationship of vitamin E consumption and preeclampsia/eclampsia in pregnant women]

Preeclampsia and eclampsia are threatening complications of pregnancy influencing the health of mothers and their fetus. So, prevention of these complications through providing mothers with natural diet vitamins during pregnancy is very important. The aim of this study was to examine relationship between consumption of diet rich in vitamin E and preeclapsia/ eclampsia in pregnant women. This was a case-control study. Data were collected through interview and filling up questionnaires. One hundred and fifty four women with age between 18-35 years were selected through continuous sampling method [75 women in case and 79 in control group]. Case and control groups were matched according to the gravida and vitamins supplement consumption. Finding indicated that there were statistically significant relationship between preeclampsia/ eclampsia and consumption of foods rich in vitamin E. This relationship was significant according to the number of servings and also amount of vitamin E received, for the number of serving for both nuts and unsaturated vegetable oil [P=0.000], mayonnaise cream [P=0.012], and for the amount of vitamin E received from diet [15mg[3]/day] [P=0.000]. Consumption of these diets in case group was less than control group. The consumption of saturated vegetable oil in case group were higher than control group [P=0.009]. As the results showed, there were direct relations between preeclampsia/ eclampsia and insufficient consumption of food full of vitamin E. Proper educational programs about nutrition during pregnancy, particularly during first trimester in the first pregnancy, is recommended. Prospective studies are suggested in order to confirm the existed findings

[Correlation between consumption of fruit and vegetable with occurrence of preeclampsia]

Preeclampsia is one of the three major causes of death in pregnant women. Researcher believed that consuming proper nutrients can be a solution. In the last few years, the effect of type of fruits and vegetables on prevention of preeclampsia has been investigated, but there are still questions about the proper amount [unit] of fruits and vegetables. This case-control study was done on pregnant women referring to Thaleghani hospital in Arak. 35 pregnant women with preeclampsia were selected as case, and 70 healthy pregnant women as control group. The two groups were matched. Data were collected with a questionnaire consisting of two parts, first demographic information and second information about the amount of consumed fruits and vegetables. Each woman was questioned about food consumption 3 month before and during second trimester of her pregnancy. Portion of fruits and vegetables was calculated per week and then compared between the two groups. In preeclampsia group, 3 month before pregnancy mean consumption of fruits and vegetables was 7.69 +/- 16 per week, and in healthy group was 12.43 +/- 1.87. There was a significant difference between the two groups [p=0/029]. In the second trimester of pregnancy the mean was 11.03 +/- 1.6 and 13.95 +/- 0.98 in case and control group, respectively. Differences were significant [p=0.03]. Incidence of preeclampsia was increased in group with less than 25% consumption of fruits and vegetables before pregnancy [less than 5unit per week] [P=0.05, OR:2.32, 95%CI:1/7, 7/24]. This difference was also significant in the second trimester [P<0/03, OR:2.57, 95% CI:1/4, 54/29]. Also in women who consume less than 8 units per week, the incidence of preeclampsia was increased. It was concluded that it seems there is relationship between consumption of fruits and vegetables with decreasing occurrence of preeclampsia. So researchers suggest that high risk groups of women be identified and educated to consume fruits and vegetables

A suplementacao de calcio na prevencao da pre-eclampsia / Calcium supplementation in the prevention of preeclampsia

Os autores avaliaram a eficacia da suplementacao de calcio na gestacao como medida profilatica para reducao da incidencia de pre-eclampsia. Foram inicialmente introduzidos o conceito, a importancia e a fisiopatologia da pre-eclampsia dentro das patologias hipertensivas da gestacao. A seguir os aspectos clinicos e os fatores de risco relevantes da pre-eclampsia foram apresentados. A partir do reconhecimento da limitacao das medidas profilaticas ate hoje utilizadas, os autores passam a abordar uma das novas propostas, a suplementacao de calcio na dieta. O metabolismo do ion calcio, seus hormonios reguladores e sua funcao na celula muscular perivascular foram criteriosamente reavalidas. A seguir foi apresentado e discutido um modelo hipotetico da acao anti-hipertensiva do calcio suplementar...